This article first appeared in a Gibraltar Heritage Trust Supplement
in the Gibraltar Chronicle on 31st August 2010,
by Manolo Galliano.
SAVING 'NUESTRA SENORA DEL ROSARIO'
Few Gibraltarians passing by the
building fronting the Main Street
side of the Income Tax building at the southern end of town bother to even
glance at the blocked-up doorway, located therein. This is a far cry from the
hundreds of curious tourists from all nationalities who invariably stop to take
photographs of it and also read the descriptive plaque inserted on the wall.
The latter, which was set up in the mid 1960's, has completely incorrect
information, as the said gateway was never transported from any other defunct
church in any other district, but has been in situ since it was built as part
of the original building in the early 16th century. This seems to be a sad
state of affairs, especially taking into account that it is one of the very few
relics of Gibraltar 's past encompassing the
Spanish occupation of the fortress and bearing in mind its obvious deteriorated
state.
This doorway is all that remains of a small chapel called the Hermitage of Nuestra Senora del Rosario (Our Lady of the Rosary), built circa 1530/40. It is constructed of sandstone in the Renaissance style architecture, encompassing elegant fluted columns, an archway with roundels and an architrave decorated with rosette symbols. It is almost identical to the existing blocked-up archway which formed the main entrance to the church of the Franciscan monastery, remodelled and enlarged circa 1533, now the Governor's residence and situated inside the garages at the back of the Convent.
The hermitage appears in a series of preparatory sketches and drawings of Gibraltar undertaken by the Flemish artist Anton Van de Wyngaerde in 1567 as a commission for King Philip II of
Alonso Hernandez del Portillo in his 'Historia de la Muy Noble y Mas Leal Ciudad de Gibraltar' written between 1610 and 1622, states that the Baluarte de Nuestra Senora del Rosario (now South Bastion) was so called due to the proximity of the hermitage to the said fortification.
Luis Bravo in his 'Gibraltar Fortificada' (Mss.Add.15.152 in the
The Revd. Geronimo de la Concepcion in his 'Emporio de el Orbe; Cadiz Ilustrada' of 1690, writing about
|
1627 plan showing the hermitage of Nuestra Senora del Rosario just to the left of the Southport Gates. |
1753 plan showing the hermitage as a store house. |
With the capture of Gibraltar by
the Anglo-Dutch forces on 24 July 1704, all the churches, chapels and convents,
with the exception of the Franciscan monastery (now the Convent) and the Church
of St. Mary the Crowned (now the Roman Catholic Cathedral), were either looted
or taken over by the occupying forces for other tactical purposes, including as
stores. This was indeed the case with the Hermitage of Nuestra Senora del
Rosario which is shown as being utilised as a storeroom in the 'Particular
Survey of the City of Gibraltar '
undertaken in 1753. The said plan shows a small rectangular building with
access to the main street, having a series of pillars, dividing it into two
aisles and at the eastern end having four narrow steps going up to a platformed
area, which would originally have been the sanctuary for the altar.
Doorway circa turn of the 20th century, doorway reads 'Ordnance Store Department'. |
Main Street early 1900s after conversion of the barrack block. |
During the Great Siege of
1779/1783, the southern side of the city escaped the worst of the damage
inflicted by the heavy bombardment of the Spanish and French besieging forces
and it is very possible that the hermitage survived this onslaught.
Nevertheless, in 1883, most of the building was demolished in order to
construct the Royal Engineers Barracks, later known as the St. Jago's Barracks.
Fortunately, the western facade which contained the original ornate gateway was
kept and incorporated into the fabric of the new building. The latter would,
over the years house the St. Jago's School (1958-1972) and shortly after the
offices of the Income Tax Department.
Who could have surmised in the
early 16th century, that the use of the place would change so drastically from
ecclesiastical to the military and then to the educational, finalising in the
financial!
22nd January 2014: The restoration of the arch has been undertaken by the Gibraltar Museum and was officially unveiled last night by the Minister for Heritage. A superb restoration to a feature of our urban heritage. http://www.chronicle.gi/headlines_details.php?id=32557